Anti-leishmanial activity and identification of chemical constituents of Scrophularia striata essential oil by head space solid phase micro extraction gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS-SPME GC-MS)

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to determine the main constituents of Scrophularia striata essential oil and to evaluate in vitro effect of essential oil on Leishmania tropica and Leishmania major promastigotes and axenic amastigotes. Chemical constituents of the extracted essential oil were separated by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) equipped with a PDMS/DVB fiber. The fiber was injected to gas chromatogram- mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) to determine their identity. Finally, after exposure of parasites to different concentrations of water soluble fraction of essential oil, viability of promastigotes and axenic amastigotes were investigated. Based on the HS-SPME results, 47 compounds representing 95.6% of the total oil, were identified in essential oil. Essential oil analysis showed that nonane (19.7%), α-terpineol (17.4%) and linalool (10.2%) were the most abundant compounds. This study indicates that water soluble fraction of S. striata essential oil has promising anti-leishmanial activity.