Evaluation anthelmintic activities of an ethnopharmacological leaves nerium oleander against the earthworms (Allolobophora caliginosa)

Abstract

The emergence of drug-resistant strains reason for the search for natural alternatives. The study aimed to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of Nerium oleander leaf extract against Allolobophora caliginosa in vitro. The concentrations (25 mg/mL, 50 mg/mL, and 100 mg/mL), were tested, and the
results were expressed in paralysis time and the death of worms. Albendazole (40 mg/mL), and distilled water were used as standard drug and control. The FT-IR and GC-MS analysis of the extract showed the presence of 12 and 13 compounds responsible for anthelmintic activity. There was a dose-dependent
increase in effectiveness over time during 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 minutes. The death reached 97% and 100%, respectively when (100 mg/mL) after 10 minutes. Histological examination and scanning electron microscopy showed noticeable abnormalities and a cuticular layer of the body surface had shrunk in all
treated worms. The current experiment results show that oleander has powerful anti-Acaliginosa action.