From miracle medicine to fuel: Uses of the multifaceted genus Randia (Rubiaceae) in Mexico

Abstract

Mexico harbors a rich floristic and cultural diversity that makes it a key area for ethnobotanical research. Among its plant families, Rubiaceae stands out, including 111 genera and 711 species, with the genus Randia comprising 64 species. This review examines the ethnobotanical uses of Randia in Mexico, identifying 19 species of interest. Medicinal uses dominate, involving 14 species, followed by food (nine species) and fuel (five species), highlighting Randia's role in daily life. Medicinal applications include treatments for gastrointestinal and urinary ailments, antidotes for venom, and remedies for cultural conditions like “mal de ojo” (evil eye), with some validated by chemical and pharmacological studies. Documenting these practices is essential to preserve cultural heritage and promote sustainable development. Further chemical and pharmacological research on Randia species are recommended to substantiate traditional uses and explore pharmaceutical applications, offering benefits for both local and global communities.